一、主谓结构(不及物动词)
主语 + 谓语(动词后无直接宾语)
The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起)
The weather is sunny today.(今天天气晴朗)
二、主系表结构(系动词+表语)
主语 + 系动词 + 表语(描述主语状态)
The cake tastes delicious.(蛋糕尝起来很美味)
The meeting started at 9 AM.(会议在上午9点开始)
三、主谓宾结构(及物动词)
主语 + 谓语 + 直接宾语(动作直接作用于对象)
She reads books every day.(她每天读书)
He painted the wall with blue.(他用蓝色给墙涂漆)
四、主谓宾宾补结构(及物动词+宾补)
主语 + 谓语 + 直接宾语 + 补足语(补充说明宾语状态)
The teacher marked the homework correctly.(老师正确地批改了作业)
The company made him captain.(公司任命他为队长)
五、主谓状结构(不及物动词+状语)
主语 + 谓语 + 状语(说明动作方式或时间)
The children played in the park all afternoon.(孩子们整个下午都在公园玩耍)
The letter arrived yesterday morning.(信件昨天早上到达)
六、主谓宾状结构(及物动词+宾语+状语)
主语 + 谓语 + 直接宾语 + 状语(动作涉及两个对象及附加信息)
Please put the book on the table.(请把书放在桌子上)
They visited their grandparents last Sunday.(他们上周日拜访了祖父母)
七、存在句型(There be句型)
There + be动词 + 主语 + 补足语(表示存在)
There is a cat under the sofa.(沙发下有一只猫)
There were many people at the concert.(音乐会上有很多人)
八、比较句型
原级比较:A + as + 形容词/副词原级 + as B(如:This cake is as sweet as mine.)
比较级:A + 形容词/副词比较级 + than B(如:This movie is more exciting than that one.)
最高级:The + 形容词/副词最高级 + of/among + 人或物(如:This is the tallest building in the city.)
补充说明
疑问句:
通过疑问语调、疑问词或语气副词构成,例如:
- 选择问:Is it raining or not?
- 反问句:You didn't call me, did you?
否定句:
在谓语前加助动词do/does/was/were,例如:
- He does not (doesn't) finish his homework on time.
以上句型覆盖了英语中最为基础和常用的结构,通过不同组合可表达复杂语义。