一、一般过去时

基本结构

- 肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他

- 否定句：主语 + was/were + not + 其他

- 疑问句：Was/were + 主语 + 其他

时间状语

- yesterday（昨天）

- last week/month/year（上周/月/年）

- the day before yesterday（前天）

- two months ago（两个月前）等

典型例句

- He played basketball yesterday.

- The movie started at 7 PM last night.

- We visited the museum on Saturday.

二、过去进行时

基本结构

- 肯定句：主语 + was/were + 动词现在分词（-ing）

- 否定句：主语 + was/were + not + 动词现在分词

- 疑问句：Was/were + 主语 + 动词现在分词

时间状语

- yesterday at 3 PM

- last Monday

- while we were watching TV等

典型例句

- She was singing beautifully at the concert.

- They were having dinner when the phone rang.

- I was studying when my friend called.

三、过去完成时

基本结构

- 肯定句：主语 + had + 动词过去分词

- 否定句：主语 + had + not + 动词过去分词

- 疑问句：Had + 主语 + 动词过去分词

时间状语

- before yesterday

- by the time... （主句过去完成时，从句一般过去时）

- already （常与过去完成时连用）等

典型例句

- By the time we arrived, the movie had started.

- He had finished his homework before dinner.

- She had lived in London for five years before moving to New York.

四、过去分词完成时（较少见）

基本结构

- 主语 + had been + 动词现在分词（-ing）

- 用于表示过去某一时间前已完成的动作

典型例句

- The letter had been delivered when we called.

- They had been waiting for the bus for over an hour.

五、常见错误提示

be动词过去式：

am/is 的过去式为 was/were，are 的过去式为 were

动词变形：

一般过去时需根据动词原形变化，如规则动词加 -ed（eat→ate），不规则动词需单独记忆（go→went）

时间状语搭配：

昨天用 yesterday，前天用 the day before yesterday，上周用 last week 等

建议结合例句和练习巩固，注意区分动作发生的时间点（过去时）与动作在过去的持续状态（进行时）。